When emergencies strike, the ability to administer proper first aid can mean the difference between life and death. However, many people unknowingly follow outdated or incorrect practices that can worsen injuries instead of helping.
From treating severe bleeding to handling snakebites, understanding what NOT to do is just as important as knowing the right techniques. Let’s explore 10 common first aid mistakes and how to handle these situations correctly.
1. Severe Bleeding: Don’t Use a Tourniquet Too Soon
Mistake: Many people believe a tourniquet should be applied immediately to stop severe bleeding. However, using it too soon cuts off circulation completely, which may lead to permanent tissue damage or even amputation.
Correct Approach: Instead of rushing to apply a tourniquet, follow these steps:
- Apply direct pressure with a sterile bandage or clean cloth to slow bleeding.
- If possible, elevate the wound above heart level to reduce blood flow.
- If the bleeding does not stop and becomes life-threatening, use a tourniquet only as a last resort and loosen it every 10–15 minutes to prevent permanent damage.
Video
Watch the video to learn first aid tips on treating severe bleeding!
2. Nosebleeds: Don’t Tilt the Head Back
Mistake: Many people tilt their head back during a nosebleed, which can cause blood to flow into the throat, leading to choking or nausea.
Correct Approach: Instead, follow these steps:
- Sit up straight and lean slightly forward.
- Pinch the soft part of your nose (just below the bridge) for 10–15 minutes without stopping.
- Avoid stuffing tissues or cotton inside your nose, as this can irritate blood vessels and prolong bleeding.
3. Hypothermia: Reheat the Body Gradually
Mistake: Applying direct heat (such as a hot water bottle or rubbing the skin) can send cold blood back to the heart too quickly, leading to shock or cardiac arrest.
Correct Approach:
- Move the person to a warm place and remove wet clothing.
- Wrap them in dry blankets and use body heat (like skin-to-skin contact) if necessary.
- Give warm (not hot) liquids, but avoid alcohol, as it increases heat loss.
4. Cardiac Arrest: CPR Varies by Age
Mistake: Performing the same CPR technique on adults, children, and infants can lead to injury or ineffective resuscitation.
Correct Approach:
- For adults, use both hands and apply deep chest compressions (2 inches deep).
- For children, use one hand and apply lighter compressions (1.5 inches deep).
- For infants, use two fingers and press gently (1 inch deep).
- Always perform 30 compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths, unless using hands-only CPR.
5. Burns: Never Pop Blisters
Mistake: Popping blisters or peeling burnt skin increases infection risk and slows healing.
Correct Approach:
- Cool the burn immediately by running cool (not cold) water over it for 20 minutes.
- Cover the area with a clean, non-stick bandage or sterile dressing.
- For severe burns (third-degree), do not remove clothing stuck to the skin and seek medical attention immediately.
6. Choking: Be Careful with the Heimlich Maneuver
Mistake: Performing the Heimlich maneuver incorrectly or on an unconscious person can make matters worse.
Correct Approach:
- For conscious adults, stand behind them and deliver quick, upward thrusts below the ribcage.
- For unconscious individuals, lay them down and perform chest compressions instead of the Heimlich maneuver.
- For choking infants, avoid abdominal thrusts. Instead, hold them face down, support their head, and give 5 firm back blows.
7. Dislocations: Never Try to “Pop” a Joint Back Into Place
Mistake: Many people attempt to force a dislocated joint back into place, which can damage nerves, ligaments, and blood vessels.
Correct Approach:
- Immobilize the limb in its current position using a makeshift splint.
- Apply ice to reduce swelling and seek immediate medical help.
- Never attempt to move or force the joint back into position—this should only be done by a medical professional.
8. Poisoning: Do Not Induce Vomiting Without Proper Guidance
Mistake: Many assume that vomiting is the best way to remove ingested poison, but this can cause further damage, especially if the substance is acidic or caustic (like bleach or drain cleaner).
Correct Approach:
- Call emergency services or poison control immediately.
- Do not induce vomiting unless advised by a medical professional.
- If the poison is chemical-based, rinse the mouth with water and provide activated charcoal if recommended.
9. Snakebites: Do Not Suck the Venom Out
Mistake: Movies often show people sucking venom out of a snakebite, but this is ineffective and dangerous. It spreads venom faster and can introduce bacteria into the wound.
Correct Approach:
- Keep the victim still and calm to slow venom circulation.
- Immobilize the affected limb by securing it with a splint or bandage, but do not cut off circulation.
- Seek emergency medical care immediately.
10. Abdominal Pain: Avoid Painkillers Before Diagnosis
Mistake: Taking painkillers for abdominal pain can mask symptoms of serious conditions like appendicitis, ulcers, or bowel obstruction, delaying proper treatment.
Correct Approach:
- If abdominal pain is severe or persistent, seek medical evaluation immediately.
- Do not take ibuprofen, aspirin, or antacids, as they can worsen certain conditions.
- Instead, try lying down in a comfortable position and drinking small sips of water while awaiting medical attention.
Video
Watch the video: A professional explains 10 common first aid mistakes!
Conclusion: First Aid Done Right Can Save Lives
When it comes to emergency care, knowing what NOT to do is just as important as knowing the correct techniques. Small mistakes can turn minor injuries into major complications, but with the right knowledge, you can act confidently and effectively in any crisis.
Want to be better prepared? Consider taking a certified first aid course to sharpen your skills and make a difference when it matters most. Every second counts—make sure your actions save lives, not endanger them.
